It has become increasingly evident that among purine nucleotides, guanine based nucleotides specially guanosine-5´-triphosphate (GTP) serve as an important and independent regulatory factors for development and diverse cellular functions such as differentiation, metabolism, proliferation and survival in multiple tissues. In this brief review it has been provided selective outline related to delicate regulation of signaling pathways by guanosine based nucleotides as intracellular signaling molecules. Although the exact mode of action of theses nucleotides in many biological processes and signaling pathways is still elusive, it has become well clear that intracellular guanosine based nucleotides content rather than adenosine based nucleotides could modulate the intensity and duration of signaling which ultimately impact on cell's fate. It opens an entirely new perspective for developing new and potential therapeutic strategies to combat diseases like cancer, hypoxia and etc.

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