@article{paperid:1034494,
author = {Azin Tavakoli and Kazemi  Mehrjerdi, Hossein},
title = {Addition of metoclopramide or tramadol on analgesic effects of lidocaine in epidural analgesia in rabbit},
journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology},
year = {2011},
volume = {3},
number = {2},
month = {June},
issn = {2008-465X},
pages = {41--48},
			numpages = {7},
keywords = {The objective of the present experience was to study the effects of metoclopramide and
tramadol on epidural analgesia induced by lidocaine in rabbits.Fifteen healthy New Zealand
White rabbits weighting 3-3.5 kg of both genders were used.Animals were divided randomly
into three groups. Three different combinations of drugs were injected into the epidural space
to induce epidural analgesia in the following order: group A2% lidocaine(1.5 ml); group B the
combination of 2% lidocaine (1.5 ml) and metoclopramide (0.5 ml) and group C; the
combination of 2% lidocaine (1.5 ml) and tramadol (0.2 ml). The procedure was repeated 48
hours and a week after the first injection. The onset time of analgesia (OT); duration of flaccid
paresis (DFP) and duration of analgesia (DA) was determined in all treatments. There was no
complication in the induction of epidural analgesia.Statistical analysis showed thatmean of
OT in group C (15.7±4.2 sec); was significantly lower in comparison to group A (68.6±15.5
sec)and group B (45.8±17.1 sec)(P=0.004). Mean DFP was significantly higher in group C
(35.9±10.5 min) in comparison to group A (18.3±5.2 min) and group B (29.2±11.5 min)(P=
0.001). Mean of DA was significantly higher in group B (39.1±16.2 min) compared to group
A (23.6±5.5 min)(P=0.018) and also in group C (48.9±10.7 min) compared to group A
(P=0.00). But there was no significant difference between means of DA in group B and C
(P=0.05).The present study indicates that addition ofmetoclopramide and tramadol to
lidocaine is effective in prolongation of epidural analgesia in rabbit.},
}