@article{paperid:1103925, author = { -, - and Karami, Morteza and Firoozabadi, Abbas and Khosravipoor, Zahra}, title = {Efficacy of 4C/ID and the variability of learning tasks on teachers' personal initiative}, journal = {Interactive Learning Environments}, year = {2025}, volume = {34}, number = {4}, month = {August}, issn = {1049-4820}, pages = {2473--2486}, numpages = {13}, keywords = {Personal initiative; task-centered learning; 4C/ID; learning tasks; emergent learning}, }