Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are able to self-renew and to differentiate to the sperm progeny and the mature sperm. These cells are the only germline stem cells that can be found in the adult animal, and are able to replicate and differentiate to adult germ cells. The spermatogonial stem cells from human, mouse, and pig have been successfully isolated and cultured in vitro. The main application in medicine is to use SSCs for the treatment of male infertility. However, research and application of these cells in other animals including camel might have important aspects from which transgenesis and production of transgenic camels stands out. The advantage of using SSCs for the production of transgenic animals is the use of transgenic sperm in the process. It has been shown by many studies that the efficiency of transgenesis using sperm exceeds that in other methods, namely cell nuclear transfer, microinjection of transgenic cassette into the egg, or the use of embryonic stem cells for transgenesis. Isolation and in vitro culture of these cells from camel may also be used to study the biological aspects of spermatogenesis. In this paper, the characteristics of camel\'s spermatogonial cells and spermatogonial stem cells will be discussed. We will critically evaluate the stages of a program for camel transgenesis and will discuss how this program would exploit the biological characteristics of camel for the production of recombinant proteins.

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