The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of maternal and parent of origin effects (POE) on genetic variation of Iranian native fowl on economic traits. Studied traits were body weights at birth (BW0), at eight (BW8) and twelve weeks of age (BW12), age (ASM) and weight at sexual maturity (WSM), egg number (EN) and average egg weight (AEW). Several models, including additive, maternal additive genetics, permanent environmental effects and POE were compared using Wombat software. Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) was used to identify the best model for each trait. The chance of reranking of birds between models was investigated using Spearman correlation and Wilcoxon rank test. Based on the best model, direct heritability estimates for BW0, BW8, BW12, ASM, WSM, EN and AEW traits were 0.05, 0.21, 0.23, 0.30, 0.39, 0.22 and 0.38, respectively. Proportion of variance due to paternal POE for BW8 was 4% and proportion of variance due to maternal POE for BW12 was 5%. Estimated maternal heritability for BW0 was 0.30 and for BW8 and BW12 were 0.00 and 0.01, respectively, which shows that maternal heritability was reduced by age. Based on the results, considering POE for BW8 and BW12 and maternal genetic effects for BW0 improved the accuracy of estimations and avoid reranking of birds for these traits.

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