To evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhiza and Rhizobium ciceri on grain quality of chickpea, two experiments were conducted. The greenhouse experiment was designed as randomized complete blocks (RCB) in a factorial arrangement with four replications. The first factor consisted of two seedbeds including S1 (field soil) and S2 (soil + organic fertilizers). The second factor included inoculation with rhizobium, mycorrhiza, combined rhizobium and mycorrhiza, and control. The results showed that combined inoculation in S2 increased plant height, root dry matter, shoot dry matter, and leaf chlorophyll content by 23.5, 27.2, 60, and 41.3%, respectively compared with control and it was selected for the next experiment as the best inoculant. In the field experiment, treatments included two inoculation levels (noninoculated and combined inoculation) and split application of nitrogen fertilizer during sowing, flowering, and pod filling including F0 (0 kg, 0 kg, 0 kg), F1 (25 kg, 0 kg, 0 kg), F2 (25 kg, 25 kg, 0 kg), F3 (25 kg, 25 kg, 25 kg), F4 (50 kg, 0 kg, 0 kg), F5 (50 kg, 50 kg, 0 kg), and F6 (50 kg, 50 kg, 50 kg), respectively. The results showed that application of nitrogen fertilizer increased grain nitrogen, phosphorus, fiber, and protein content compared with unfertilized treatment (F0) but did not affect P, K, Fe, Zn, and starch content. Also, combined inoculation increased grain N, P, K, Zn, Fe, and protein content by 18.7, 7.6, 7, 9.7, 10.4, and 11.2%, respectively, compared with control. In general, the split application of N fertilizer (especially F3 and F6 treatments) and coinoculation with effective rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi increased nutrient content and the quality of chickpea grain.

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