Aims and background: Low back pain is the most common musculoskeletal disorder. There are several ways to treat back pain, but to achieve a short, easy and compress way is needed in today’s industrial societies. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of core stabilization training in water and on land on pain and dynamic postural stability in women with chronic non-specific low back pain. Materials and methods: 36 women nonathletic with nonspecific chronic low back pain participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups (control, n=12, experimental 1, n=12, experimental 2, n=12).There were no intervention for control group. The experimental group 1 performed core stability exercises in the water and the experimental group 2 performed core stability exercises on land carried out during 12 consecutive days. The Quebec test applied for assessing pain and star test (SEBT) was used to measure dynamic balance before and after treatment,. For assessing Normal distribution of data from ShapiroWilk test for homogeneity of group’s variance Levene test, changes within the group of t-test and ANOVA test and Tukey post hoc test was used for between groups changes. Findings: The results showed that pain in both experimental group 1 (training in water) (P=0/001) and experimental 2 (training on land) (P=0/001) than the control group significantly decreased, as well as the pain in the experimental group 1was significantly decreased than experimental group 2 (P=0/001). The dynamic balance in both experimental groups 1 and 2 compared to the control group significantly increased; as well as dynamic balance in the experimental group2 compared to the experimental group1 was significantly increased (P<0/05). Conclusion: In the short term, core stability exercises on land and water would reduce pain and improve balance in patients with chronic low back pain.

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