his study was conducted to specifically investigate the seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in one-humped camels, and CCHFV ribonucleic acid (RNA) in ticks attached to one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) imported from Pakistan into Iran. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever is a tick-borne viral zoonotic disease caused by one of the most medically important arboviruses belonging to the genus Orthonairovirusin the family Nairoviridae. The study areas are regions near the Iran-Pakistan border in Sistan and Baluchestan province. Ticks and serum were analyzed by molecular and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods, respectively. A cross-sectional study was conducted; data were analyzed using a statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the quantitative variables.One genus was identified as Hyalomma; four species of Hyalomma were observed. From 99 blood samples, 33 samples (33.3%) were found positive for CCHFV-specificimmunoglobulin G (CCHF-IgG), and 12 out of the 99 serum samples had borderline results. Two out of the 33 positive serum samples were obtained from female camels, and 31 positive serum samples were obtained from male camels (gender difference was not statistically significant, P=0.97). Additionally, 176 ixodid ticks were collected from different regions of the one-humped camels’bodies. All of the 176 collected ticks, which were attached to camels, were negative for CCHFV in the Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result. The serum prevalence of CCHFV issignificantly high among one-humped camels imported into Iran from Pakistan; therefore, it is a better alternative to import camel meat instead of tick burdenedhigh-risk camels. Also, tick control is considered an effective procedure for CCHFV control.

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