Histology of trachea of camel was studied using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tissue sample taken from the trachea were routinely prepared for histology and stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Van giesson, Alcian blue, Periodic acid Schiff, Masson trichrom, Verhof, PAS-VG and PAS-MT. The trachea of camel consists of 66-75 incomplete cartilaginous rings of hyaline. The mucosal and submucosal layers were tubuloalveolar with mucosal and submucosal layers were 517.2± 61.6 µm (n= 20) thick. Submucosal glands were tubuloalveolar with mucous (acidic and neutral) secretions. Trachealis muscle was attached to the inside sheet of tracheal cartilage. Ultrasrtuctural studies showed that surface epithelium is psudostratified with mucus- producing goblet cells, ciliated and basal cells, similar to other mammals. The ciliated cell contained many mitochondria, oval nucleus and many big granules. In scanning electron microscopy studies, viscoelastic layers were observed on the epithelial surface of trachea, and there were highly condensed cilia under this layer.

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