Ecological segregation in the Wheatear genus Oenanthe is a complex and intriguing question. Here we studied habitat variables, behavioural characteristics and morphological traits of 11 Wheatear species that are distributed sympartrically in Iran. We recorded 19 behavioural characteristics and measured 36 habitat variables within a 100-m radius around observed birds. We also measured 21 biometrical variables in each species. We compared variable-to-variable correlation between these three data matrices using Legendre et al.’s Fourth-Corner Problem method. We first related, through the matrix A1 (presence/absence of species in sampling sites), the morphological traits of the species (mean values of the variables for each species; matrix Cmorphology) to the habitat features measured on each sampling site (matrix Bhabitat). We then related, through A1, the behavioural traits of the species (mean values of the variables for each species; matrix Cbehaviour) to the habitat features measured on each sampling site (matrix Bhabitat). We lastly related, through A2, the morphological traits of the species (matrix Cmorphology) to the behavioural variables measured, on each sampling site, on the \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"principal\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" species of Wheatears of the site (matrix Bbehaviour). Our results showed that morphological traits, particularly flight and foot-leg apparatuses, represent a good synthesis of overall behaviour traits. Since Morphological traits result from compromise between different selection pressures like foraging mode and migration pattern, seems plays an important role in determining the ecological range of a species. Likewise, habitat features are also correlated with behavioural traits, but less tightly.

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