A three-dimensional model of free surface flows with heat transfer including phase change (melting and/or solidification) was developed. The model combines a fixed-grid volume discretization of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations with a volume tracking method to track the free surface location. The model is an extension of the Bussmann et al. model (1997). The solution of the energy equations is based on the enthalpy method. The modification of the Navier-Stokes equations in the presence of a solid phase is based on a modified version of the fixed velocity method. The model, in general, is applicable to transient t1uid flows and heat transfer including two moving boundaries: a liquid-gas free surface and a liquid-solid interphase. The model, in particular, was used to study a 3Dimpact scenario, the impact of a droplet on an incline. Two cases were considered: one without solidification and one with solidification. For both cases the droplet diameter was 2 mm, and the incline angle was 45°. In the first case, the droplet material was water initially at 25°C and the incline material was stainless steel initially at 120°C; the substrate was hotter than the droplet and there was no solidification. In the second case, the droplet material was tin initially at 240°C (above the melting point, 232°C) and the incline material was stainless steel initially at 25°C; as the heat was transferred from the droplet to the substrate, the droplet solidified during the impact. The impact velocity for the two cases was 1 m/s and 1.6 m/s, respectively.

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