Introduction: Cytokine assessment in seminal plasma and follicular fluid (FF) of infertile men and women is an important tool for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for improving the chance of reproduction. Despite the initial discovery over a decade ago, the IL-17 family has not received much attention especially in case of infertility. Materials and methods: Men and women attending in Novin Fertility and Infertility Center for In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) were invited to participate in this study. After sampling, detection and quantification of human IL-17A in aliquots of thawed seminal plasma, follicular fluid and blood serum samples were performed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: Our results showed that there is a significant difference between the levels of IL-17A in semen of infertile patients with Varicocele, Azoospermia, Oligozoospermia, Astenozoospermia and control group. Moreover, the level of IL-17A was significantly different in blood and semen of Astenozoospermia and control group. In adiabatic and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients the level of this cytokine was significantly lower than control group. Also, in Endometriosis, PCOS, Tubule Factor and adiabatic patients the level of IL-17A was significantly lower than control. Moreover, some of these data were compatible to the data which were obtained from the quality parameters of sperms and oocytes. Discussion: The objective of this study was the measurement of the level of human IL-17A in seminal plasma and follicular fluid (FF) of men and women with different clinical diagnosis of reproductive tract. The significant differences in the level of IL-17A in seminal plasma and follicular fluid observed in this study could have a potential implication in understanding the immunopathogenesis as well as development of more efficient diagnosis and therapeutic tools for human reproductive disorders.

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