The phylogenetic relationships of 10 population belonging Alburnoides cf bipunctatus (Bloch, 1782) were investigated based on nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and morphometric truss network data from south of Caspian basin in north of Iran. The nucleotide sequences will be subjected to phylogenetic analysis by using the neighbor – joining, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood method .Conventional and truss morphometrics as well as meristic data from all of samples in various locations in north of Iran will be analyzed using one way ANOVA and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The cyprinid Alburnoides bipunctatus has long been considered as a complex of species ranging from France through Europe north of the Alps eastwards to the Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins and south to the Persian Gulf. In Iran, it is widely distributed and found in 9 different basins. Actually, six species are recognized in Iran. Cluster analysis on the 25 truss elements indicated two main groups. The first group contained two populations from Mazandaran and two from Golestan province. The second group also contained two groups, two populations of Mazandaran and two from Gilan province. Results were in general agreement with morphologically -based studies, but new interesting relationships were found. Finally, this is the first molecularly based study of small-bodied cyprinid Alburnoides cf bipunctatus. It sheds light on the evolution and taxonomy of this freshwater fish species.

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