Bone loss is one of the major pathological symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, (RA) and some types of cancers. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and type one Interferons (IFN) (alpha and beta) widely used in cancer patients as a drug and also have been known to play a key role in RA. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of these factors on osteoporosis. For this purpose, mice (male, eight weeks) were injected subcutaneously with G-CSF 200 ug/Kg with or without IFN-a 10 ug/Kg or IFN-b 10 ug/Kg per day for 28 days. After killing mice, standardized radiographs were taken from femur bones and the Image J program was used for measurement of the femoral head and total bone density. Contrary to previous reports, in this study G-CSF did not reduce bone density. On the other hand, surprisingly, G-CSF had a synergic effect with IFNs in significant enhancement of head and total bone density (p<0.001). These inductions were more than any of the IFNs alone. Therefore, combination of G-CSF and IFNs can be considered as a drug to reduce osteoporosis.

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