Introduction: depression is a common experience among cancer patients. Surveys and clinical studies have shown that about 25% of cancer patients suffer from major depression. Physical factors, such as chemotherapy, radiation, and some medications, like Steroid, pain, general decline of physical health, and the need for continuing current treatments play an important role in depression of cancer patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of existential and reality group therapy in treating depression in women who undergo mastectomy. Method: A semi-experimental trial of pretest and posttest was carried out on two experimental and one control groups. The sample of this study included 24 women who had undergone mastectomy. Participants were assessed by DASS-21. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: Comparing with control group, existential group therapy and reality group therapy both were significantly effective in treating depression in women who had undergone mastectomy, but there were no significant difference between these two approaches. Conclusion: Existential group therapy and reality group therapy are effective in treating depression of women who undergo mastectomy, and there is no significant difference between these two approaches.

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