Background: International reports suggest that graft short age has become the world’s social crisis and a large number of dialysis patients who do not have the possibility for trans- plantation lose their lives. These limitations have increased efforts to rebuild tissues by tissue engineering techniques. Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and vital compartment of all tissues and organs. Decellularization is a promising technique to produce natural scaffolds for tissue engineering. Objectives: In this study, for preparation of natural scaffolds, physical and chemical procedures were employed. Materials & Methods: In physical method, slow freezing and freeze- thaw were used and in chemical method, kidneys were treated with 1 % sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for 48 hours. After sterilizing the scaffolds, they were cultivated with adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) for 25 days and studied histologically by different staining methods. Results: After staining and observing the paraffinized sections with light microscope, it was shown that cell components were completely removed from the scaffolds. The observations from the scaffolds seeded with MSCs showed attachment and migration of the cells into the decellularized kidneys. Conclusions: The results indicate that the scaffolds prepared from mice kidneys could induce proliferation, migration and probably, differentiation of ASCs. Further studies are required to confirm these results.

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