Chemical composition, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity of essential oil (EO) obtained from the aerial parts of Nepeta ucrainica L. spp. kopetdaghensis was investigated in the present study. Chemical compo-sition of the EO was analyzed using GC–MS method. Sixty compounds representing 98.7% of the total oil were characterized. The oil was predominated by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, and the main compo-nents were germacrene D (53.0%), bicyclogermacrene (6.4%), -bourbonene (4.3%), -elemene (3.3%), spathulenol (3.2%), cubenol (2.8%), trans-caryophyllene (2.8%), germacrene A (2.1%), and -cadinene (2.0%).The antibacterial activity of the EO was investigated against 6 bacterial strains using serial dilution method.The essential oil showed a good activity against Gram-positive bacteria particularly Staphylo-coccus aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] =14 g/mL, minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] = 14 g/mL), but Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to the oil.Also, the cytotoxic effects of the EO on human ovarian carcinoma A2780 cell line and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell line were examined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide [MTT] assay. The EO was found to be cytotoxic against the tested cell lines, with IC50values less than 50 g/mL for both A2780 and MCF-7 cells

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