Dicationic room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) [1] based on 1-benzoimidazolium salt was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their catalytic activity in the organic synthesis. It is a highly effective and efficient catalyst for the one-pot multicomponent coupling of aldehydes, amines, and β-ketoesters in EtOH at ambient temperature to give highly functionalized piperidines in high yields. Piperidines and their analogues have received attention owing to their biological activities [2]. They act as antimalarial [3], antihypertensive, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, and anti-inflammatory agents [4]. This one-pot reaction has some important advantages such as the easy workup procedure, simple and readily available precursors, nontoxic, inexpensive, and reuseable catalyst, and good to high yields. Reference 1-V.H. Jadhav, H.J. Jeong, S.T. Lim, M.H. Sohn, D.W. Kim, Org. Lett. 13 (2011) 2502-2505. 2-O’Hagan D (2000) Nat Prod Rep 17:435. 3- Misra M, Pandey SK, Pandey VP, Pandey J, Tripathi R, Tripathi RP (2009) Bioorg Med Chem . 4- Zhou Y, Gregor VE, Ayida BK, Winters GC, Sun Z, Murphy D, Haley G, Bailey D, Froelich JM, Fish S, Webber SE, Hermann T, Wall D (2007) Bioorg Med Chem Lett 17:1206.

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