Tissue engineering is one of the objectives of regenerative medicine. The main objective of tissue engineering is designing and creating a structure like normal tissue in vivo to repair tissue injury. Bioscaffold is structures with functions similar to the extracellular matrix and provides the connectivity, proliferation and differentiation of the cells, and help to exchange of nutrients and waste. Today, tissue decellularization for preparation of suitable scaffolds has been interested in tissue engineering. Decellularization is a process that not only removes the immune cells but also preserves the extracellular matrix, which contains biological active molecules, and it preserves vascular structure and provides a suitable context for studying cellular behaviors. A natural tendon ECM provides ideal structural, biochemical and biomechanical properties for neo-tendon formation. The purpose of this research is decellularization of cow tendon to preparation of natural 3D scaffold. In this experiment, cow tendons were obtained from Mashhad slaughter and were divided in 5 groups, then decellulization of the samples were carried out by chemical treatments include the PAA, 0.1% EDTA and a solution which contains 0.1% EDTA and different concentrations of SDS (0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%). Therefore, sampeles were stained with hematoxylin eosin, Picrofushin, picindigocarmin to ensure the remove of cells and preservation of the extracellular matrix, especially collagen fibers. Results indicated preservation of collagen fibers and decellularization via concentration of 2% of SDS.

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