Prostate cancer is one of the common cancers among men. There are different methods to treat this kind of cancer including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, genetherapy and combinationtherapy. One of the major obstacles which are opposed to the success of anticancer treatment is drug resistance. Using combination of drug and cell penetrating peptides represents a new strategy to overcome this problem. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of poly-L-arginine for delivery of doxorubicin (Dox) into DU145 prostate cancer cells. Enhanced penetration of Dox into DU145 cells was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and UV spectroscopy. Cells were incubated in combination of Dox and poly-L-arginine or Dox singly. After 6h the media of cells was removed and its UV spectrum was measured by UV-VIS spectrophotometer and fluorescence intensity of cells was examined by fluorescence microscope. The results of fluorescence microscopy showed that fluorescence intensity of cells that were treated with Dox (0.5 and 10 µM) and poly-L-arginine (0.001mg/ml) increased compare to control cells (treat just with Dox 0.5 and 10 µM). UV spectrum (400-600 nm) demonstrated that the UV absorbance of the media of cells were treated with combination of Dox (10μM) and poly-L-arginine (0.001 mg/ml) decreased in compare with those were treated just with Dox. These observations suggest the potential of poly-L-arginine as a tool for delivery of Dox into DU145 cells, so it can improve drug accumulation into cells.

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