American drama in postmodern era, has been under the influence of post-war changes; including economical, political, social and cultural changes. One of the well-known American dramatists whose plays portray the capitalist system of American society and its problems in this period is David Mamet. The issue of anti-capitalism in Mamet’s plays relates them to sociological theories, especially Marxist theories. The writer of the article has benefited the concepts of Marxism and its basic ideas such as materialism, exploitation, alienation and revolution; to study alienation and destructed American Dream in American Buffalo that is a significant play by David Mamet. The findings of the article show that American Dream is not fulfilled in the play and is actually completely destructed in the worlds of all characters of the play. At the same time, all these characters are alienated and alienation is the considerable social and psychological problem in the play. In describing the phenomenon of ' alienation' Marx notes that the division of labor in society leads to a separation between individuals who become distanced from each other by virtue of the differences in their everyday activities. Individuals become estranged from society as a whole because they participate only in a small portion of it as a result of their specialized work activities.

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