Physics in Medicine and Biology, Volume (61), No (9), Year (2016-4) , Pages (3596-3608)

Title : ( Fetal and maternal dose assessment for diagnostic scans during pregnancy )

Authors: Laleh Rafat Motavali , Seyyed Hashem Miri Hakimabad , Elieh Hoseinian Azghadi ,

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Abstract

Despite the concerns about prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation, the number of nuclear medicine examinations performed for pregnant women increased in the past decade. This study attempts to better quantify radiation doses due to diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures during pregnancy with the help of our recently developed 3, 6, and 9 month pregnant hybrid phantoms. The reference pregnant models represent the adult female International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference phantom as a base template with a fetus in her gravid uterus. Six diagnostic scintigraphy scans using different radiopharmaceuticals were selected as typical diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures. Furthermore, the biokinetic data of radioiodine was updated in this study. A compartment representing iodide in fetal thyroid was addressed explicitly in the biokinetic model. Calculations were performed using the Monte Carlo transport method. Tabulated dose coefficients for both maternal and fetal organs are provided. The comparison was made with the previously published fetal doses calculated for stylized pregnant female phantoms. In general, the fetal dose in previous studies suffers from an underestimation of up to 100% compared to fetal dose at organ level in this study. A maximum of difference in dose was observed for the fetal thyroid compared to the previous studies, in which the traditional models did not contain the fetal thyroid. Cumulated activities of major source organs are primarily responsible for the discrepancies in the organ doses. The differences in fetal dose depend on several other factors including chord length distribution (CLD) between fetal organs and maternal major source organs, and anatomical differences according to gestation periods. Finally, considering the results of this study which was based on the realistic pregnant female phantoms, a more informed evaluation of the risks and benefits of the different procedures could be made.

Keywords

, Pregnant phantom, Fetal dose, Diagnostic scan
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@article{paperid:1055798,
author = {Rafat Motavali, Laleh and Miri Hakimabad, Seyyed Hashem and Hoseinian Azghadi, Elieh},
title = {Fetal and maternal dose assessment for diagnostic scans during pregnancy},
journal = {Physics in Medicine and Biology},
year = {2016},
volume = {61},
number = {9},
month = {April},
issn = {0031-9155},
pages = {3596--3608},
numpages = {12},
keywords = {Pregnant phantom; Fetal dose; Diagnostic scan},
}

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%0 Journal Article
%T Fetal and maternal dose assessment for diagnostic scans during pregnancy
%A Rafat Motavali, Laleh
%A Miri Hakimabad, Seyyed Hashem
%A Hoseinian Azghadi, Elieh
%J Physics in Medicine and Biology
%@ 0031-9155
%D 2016

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