In the process of translation, translators face different problems and to overcome these problems he/she uses different strategies and approaches. One of the inevitable phenomena in translation is translation shift. Shifts are changes that occur during the process of translation from SL to TL. Shifts are first introduced by Catford (1965). He presented two main types of translation shifts: Level shifts and category shifts. Category shifts are then divided into four subgroups: structure shifts, class shifts, unit shifts and intra system shift. This study is an attempt to investigate the realization of Catford's shift in Persian translation of The Old Man and The Sea by Faramarzi, shedding light on the areas where Persian is different from English. To this end, the selected parts from the original book, were compared and contrasted with the same parts in the Persian translation. The obtained results indicate that among 52 sentences that include 83 cases of shifts, unit shift with the frequency of 36 is the most frequent type of shift. The investigation also shows that shifts are inevitable in some places during the translation process and this is because of different natures of languages and variations that exist among them. The findings of this study can provide guidelines for novice translators who need to gain the initial knowledge to take the preliminary steps. The results may introduce some usable hints on the application of the most frequent kinds of shifts in translation from English to Persian for university students majoring in translation studies.

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