Introduction Anaplasmosis is caused by a gram negative germs belong to family Anaplasmatacea that can be transmitted by ticks. The Anaplasma genus compromised A.phagocytophilum, A.marginale, A.centrale, A.bovis, A.ovis and A.platys. A.marginale and A.phagocytophilum have great importance and can make infection in camels. These germs cause infection in a wide range of animals and humans and is associated with symptoms such as fever, anemia and mortality. Materials and methods In the present study, 139 blood samples from dromedary camels were collected in Bushehr province. In order to morphological evaluation the prepared smears were stained with giemsa. 27 out of the total 139 blood samples were suspected for the presence of Anaplasma by morphological study. The extracted DNA was amplified using two pairs of primers were derived from the 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma in primary PCR reaction, the amplicon was 781 bp in size. The nested-PCR product was detected as 543 bp in size. Results Primary PCR and nested PCR based on 16S rRNA have been detected positive, in 80 and 134 for the presence of Anaplasma respectively. Sequencing showed species close to A. phagocytophilum, A.marginale and A.cameli. Conclusion: In order to accurately detect Anaplasma spp., PCR with other primers (MSP, groEl) should be performed.

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