The main objective of the present study was to investigate the role of social capital in sustainable environmental governance in relation with formation of sustainable urban residential neighborhoods, the cause of inefficiency of some of them in terms of integrated urban management, and empowering them. As the study's purpose required, the study's method was applied, and regarding the nature, it was an analytical descriptive study. According to its title, the data collection method was survey using questionnaire technique. The study population consisted of the residents of Piranshahr in 2016. To select them, Cochran formula was employed, and the sample size was determined to be 382 individuals. In so doing, stratified random sampling method was utilized. The collected data were analyzed using LISREL and SPSS software packs and through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. The results of the study indicated that the indices utilized in the study had a significant effect on the environmental sustainability of the urban neighborhoods. They also showed that the citizens' beliefs in that they, as localoriented social capital, influence the decisions and that the urban management requires their participation in urban governance had a strong positive effect on sustainable development of the neighborhoods. These effects are so strong that the governors have been effective in unsustainability of the urban neighborhoods by ignoring the role of social capital. It was also concluded that environmental sustainability indices were not favorable enough.

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