Abstract. The geographical situation of Iran, in contact with the Oriental (or Indo-Malayan) region in the southeast, with the Afrotropical region via Hormuz Strait, the Arabian Peninsula in the southwest and with the Mediterranean in the northern part makes it as one of the most complex Palaearctic faunal regions. Climate change (air warming and drought) along habitat degradation, chemical overpollution and overgrazing are the most critical threats of biodiversity in general and insect fauna in particular. Despite early researches on Iranian fauna of geometrid moths, the fauna of emerald moths is not yet fully known. An integrative taxonomic review of the subfamily Geometrinae was performed based on already collected materials in different collections and freshly collected specimens. Comprehensive morphological examination (including type specimens) was analysed along with results of genetic data and zoogeographical considerations. For the study of morphology the characters of wings, genitalia of male and female were used. For the molecular analysis we used DNA barcodes gathered from legs of available, fresh Iranian specimens, In addition we compared our molecular data from Iran with DNA barcodes from the rest of the distribution areas. As a result, 36 Geometrinae species are listed for the fauna of Iran (including four new records). Undoubtedly, the lack of data on species distribution data of Lepidoptera of Iran in general makes it difficult to discuss the consequences for habitat conservation. Therefore, we need more samplings in future to fill the gaps.

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