Background: The purpose of this study was Comparison of two types of forward and backward Walking on the treadmill on Physical Fitness Factors in Overweight Low Mobility Girls. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 inactive young girls were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two groups: forward walking (n=15) and backward Walking (n=15). The subjects were practiced four weeks with the speed of 4 km / h and slope of 5% on the treadmill. All variables were measured at the beginning and end of the study with valid and standard instruments. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, independent t-test and dependent t-test. Results: The results showed that there is not significantly difference between two groups of forward Walking and backward Walking in fat mass (p=0.315), fat free mass (p=0.872), general equilibrium score (p=0.571), posterior anterior balance score (p=0. 675), lateral balance score (p=0.987) and maximum oxygen consumption (p= 0.053), but between the two groups, in the Flexibility of the superior hamstring muscle (p=0.001), Flexibility of the Non-superior hamstring muscle (p = 0.015), Flexibility of the superior quadriceps muscle (p=0.122) Flexibility of the Non-superior quadriceps muscle (p=0.001), hamstring muscle strength (p=0.002), quadriceps muscle strength (p=0.001), hamstring muscle endurance (p=0.003), and Quadriceps muscle endurance (p=0.001) has a significant difference in favor of the backward Walking. Conclusion: It seems that backward Walking training is more effective than forward Walking in Improvement of flexibility, strength and muscular endurance.

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