Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are known as the most important arthropods of medical entomology because of the transmission of malaria protozoans, arboviruses, parasitic worms and annoying bites. The family includes 3,583 extant species classified in two subfamilies and 41 or 113 generadepending on the classification of the tribe Aedini. Despite conducted studies by foreign and Iranian researchers, there are still areas in the country where the species of the family is not completely known. Untill now 70 species of the family Culicidae have been reported from Iran, which classified in eight or twelve genera. Also, five genera and 16 species have been recorded from Razavi Khorasan Province. The diseases that have been reported in humans and animals from Razavi Khorasan Province and transmitted by mosquitoes include malaria, Sindbis fever, West Nile fever, anthrax, tularemia, and the parasitic nematodes Deraiophoronema evansiand Dirofilaria. Except for sporadic reports, which are mostly related to the late twentieth century, no comprehensive research has been conducted on mosquitoes in Razavi Khorasan Province in recent years. The aim of this study is to investigate the species diversity of mosquitoes and their distribution in Razavi Khorasa Province. Mosquito sampling was carried out in six counties included Mashhad, Neishabour, Torbat-e-Heydariyeh, Sarakhs, Dargaz and Kalat by means of light trap, aspirator and also dipping method in the spring and summer seasons of 2019 and 2020. 160 mosquito larvae were collected from 35 larval habitats and 230 adult mosquitoes from 16 stations, which included three genera and seven species, Anopheles maculipennis s.l.Meigen, 1818, An. superpictus s.l. Grassi, 1899, Culex. modestus Ficalbi, 1889, Cx hortensisFicalbi, 1889, 1913, Cx. pipiensLinnaeus, 1758, Cx. theileriTheobald, 1903 and Culiseta longiareolata(Macquart, 1838). The genus CulexLinnaeus 1758 with four species showed the highest diversity and also the highest abundance among the studied genera. Razavi Khorasan Province is one of the semi-arid regions of the country, but there are five climates in the province based on the fifteen climate classification system. According to the vast area and various natural conditions, as well as the existence of different natural and artificial resources of water, the presence of different and much more species of mosquitoes in the province is predicted. Further sampling is required to determine the area fauna.

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