Aims Fatty liver and its treatment are among the concerns of today’s society. So this study aimed to in- vestigate the effect of endurance training, Somatropin injection, and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on cytokeratin-18 (CK18) levels and liver enzymes of mice with fatty liver. Methods & Materials In this experimental study, 28 male mice were randomly divided into four groups (7 mice in every group): Control (C), exercise (E), exercise + fragment (EA), and exercise + growth hormone (EGH). A medium-intensity endurance training program was performed for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week with an intensity of 50% VO2max. The somatropin and fragment injection protocols were 1 mg and 250 mc/kg of body weight, respectively. The mice were evaluated 48 hours after the last training session. The obtained data were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests at the significant level of P<0.05 in SPSS version 26. Findings CK18 showed a significant decrease in group E compared to the control group only (P=0.00). CK18 values were significantly higher in the EGH group compared to the E (P=0.00) and EA (P=0.04) groups. HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance) index had a significant decrease in the E (P=0.00) and EA (P=0.03) groups, but no significant changes were seen in the EGH group. Changes in aspartate transaminase were not significant in any of the groups. Alanine transaminase levels in all three groups of E (P=0.00), EGH (P=0.03), and EA (P=0.00) were significantly lower than those in the control group, but the inter-group changes were not significant. Conclusion Endurance training has produced a more effective response in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease markers than GH and fragment peptides. Growth hormone injection can have negative consequences on some indicators of this abnormality.

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