Brassicaceae is a large family with over 349 genera and 4060 species in 52 tribes. The family is extremely rich in the Irano-Turanian region, and SW Asia and the Caucasus unquestionably constitute the primary centers of the family diversity. Based on the Flora of Iran, the country includes over 360 species belonging to 100 genera. Of which about five genera are endemics. For this study, a checklist of all cruciferous species in Iran was prepared based on flora, herbarium specimens, those studies physically or virtually and various published articles. According to the information obtained, about 461 species belonging to 97 genera of cruciferous species grow in Iran, of which 79 species and only one genus (Lysakia Esmailbegi & Al-Shehbaz) are endemic. According to the analysis, the majority of species (more than 70%) are limited to Iran-Anatolia, and the lowest percentage of species in the southeastern and Sahara region has a growing document. As a general conclusion, the rate of endemism in this family should increase with increasing altitude, and this result was also observed in the genera we studied specifically, such as: Aethionema, Erysimum and Isatis.

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