Graphene-based nanocomposites have several medical and biological applications, especially in bacteria-induced infectious diseases and cancer therapy treatment. Herein, the toxicity of the Ag- graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite, Ag-GO, against Gram-negative bacterium of Escherichia coli and Glioblastoma cancer cells (U87MG) was evaluated by measuring the optical density, cell viability, and cell morphology. The Ag-GO nanocomposite is a bactericidal agent since the values of MIC and MBC is the same as 160 µg/mL. Furthermore, Ag-GO exhibited good anti-tumor activity in a dose-dependent manner. A dose-dependent reduction of cell viability of the Glioblastoma cancer cells was observed with IC50 ≅ 270 µg/mL. Hence, Ag-GO can be incorporated in protective materials to immobilize and eliminate microbial infections.

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