Abstract Purpose: Cardiovascular disease especially atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of death in the world. One of the important mechanisms for the prevention and treatment of this disease is the reverse transfer of cholesterol. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a cardiac rehabilitation course on some key factors in reverse cholesterol transfer including expression of (Liver X receptor gene; LXR) lipid profile and (Tumor necrosis factor; TNFα) serum level in coronary bypass patients. Methods: Twenty-four male subjects who underwent bypass surgery were divided into two equal groups of central stability training group and mobilization voluntarily groups. The experimental group performed aerobic resistance training for eight weeks (3 sessions per week) and the control group did not. Blood samples including TNFα factors, lipids, cholesterol and LXR gene were taken 48 hours before the start of the first training session and also 48 hours after the last training session while all subjects were fasting a blood sample was taken to evaluate the desired variables. LXR gene was measured by Real-Time-PCR. Independent and paired t-test and Shapiro-Wilk tests were used to analyze the data at a significant level of 0.05. Results: Eight weeks of cardiac rehabilitation program led to an increase in HDL, a decrease in LDL cholesterol and αTNF, and an increase in the expression of the LXR gene in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Cardiac rehabilitation by improving the lipid profile and increasing the expression of LXR gene has a great effect on increasing cholesterol transfer process and reducing inflammatory factors including TNFα. which has a positive effect on the prevention of atherosclerosis and ischemia.

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