DNA-based approaches can now be utilized as low-risk methods to change gene expression. It appears that this approach has the ability to partially replace RNA-based approaches for altering gene expression, which in the majority of cases leads to immunological responses in patients. When utilized as a technique to silence target gene expression, DNA interference (DNAi) is a single-stranded DNA created to complement the upstream region of a gene. This DNAi molecule is stabilized using a variety of chemical changes, including phosphorothioates, methylphosphonate setC, etc. Several studies of the efficient application of DNA-based methods both in eukaryotic cell lines and the therapy of various disorders, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, cancer, etc., have been mentioned. Understanding the DNAi process, its transfer carriers, stabilization techniques, and their limitations is crucial for advancing these applications and predicting the future of DNAi both in basic science and the treatment of disorders brought on by abnormal gene expression. The main purpose of this review is introducing benefits of using DNAi in gene silencing. this review has discussed about different applications of DNAi in drug discovery and treatment, criteria of designing DNAi, possible modifications, introducing different types of carriers and limitations of DNAi administration.

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