A bstra ct Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to extend previous knowledge concerning the link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and cognitive disengagement syndrome with anxiety and depression by examining the mediating role of emotion dysregulation among Iranian college students. Method: In 2022, the sample of the study consisted of 612 college students (493 females, 119 males) in the age group of 18–40 years from various universities in Iran which were selected using convenience sampling. The used measures were the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale (BAARS), Gross Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire (ERQ), and questions from the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: The findings of the study revealed that at a significance level of 0.05, the reappraisal strategy mediates the relationship between hyperactivity and impulsivity symptoms with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Conversely, the suppression strategy mediates the relationship between impulsivity and cognitive disengagement syndrome with symptoms of depression. Conclusion: In the treatment of ADHD, intervention in emotion regulation strategies can affect the efficiency of the treatment.

Keywords