A large number of diseases are transmitted to humans by blood-sucking arthropods. One of the natural ways to control diseases is to preserve nature and prevent harmful changes to the animals that live in it, which can act as a biological defense shield to protect humans against many diseases such as malaria and arboviruses. This is the main focus of zooprophylaxis. Nature alone has various mechanisms that can be very effective in preventing diseases. Excessive human intervention in nature disturbs the ecological balance and intensifies the problems and led to an increasing prevalence of certain diseases. Zooprophylaxis is a technique in which parasite-carrying insects are diverted from humans to non-host animals as an alternative source of blood meal in order to reduce disease transmission rates. These wild or domestic animals whose habitat is in the vicinity of us play as natural protection. For example, using a zooprophylaxis technique called the “Attract and Kill” approach, topical application of L-lactic acid (Abate) mixed with an insecticide on the furs of a goat attracts the female malaria mosquito, Anopheles Gambia, and instead of feeding on the human diverts it to a goat. This contact and feeding of the mosquito from topical compounds lead to the inability to fly, fertility or reproduction, and even death. This process leads to a decrease in the chance of transmission of blood-borne parasites. Europe by changing agricultural techniques, has led to more effective zooprophylaxis and the disappearance of malaria, and the USA by treating cattle with permethrin has successfully controlled the populations of Anopheles quadrimaculatus and Psorophora columbiae moreover, the Philippines has controlled malaria and filariasis using K-orthine-treated buffalo-baited traps. In this review, the consequences and roots of several problems including the prevalence of new diseases, the important role of nature and how it affects human health, the ways of continuous human intervention in nature, and the duty of humans to preserve and prevent the destruction of nature and possible methods to control this species actions will be discussed.

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