Oxidative stress in the human body results from an imbalance between the antioxidant system and the generation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS). The consequence of high disturbances of redox homeostasis is impaired intra- and intercellular signalling pathways controlled by redox processes, as well as damage to molecules induced by the overproduction of ROS and RNS. These oxidative stress markers are generated in muscle fibres during rest, and their production is increased during muscle contraction. Exercise-induced oxidative stress could be detrimental to health and is associated with oxidant damage to macromolecular structures and accelerated muscular fatigue. Antioxidative enzymes serve as an important antioxidant defence line against such oxidative stress. Conversely, the exercise-induced overproduction of ROS in skeletal muscle can also play a vital role in skeletal muscle adaptations to different types of high-intensity exercise training, particularly endurance training. The extent of disruption in redox homeostasis depends on, among other factors, the duration and intensity of the effort, the level of antioxidants, and the nutritional, and physiological status of the individual, and there may be sex differences between males and females in this regard. The aim of this Research Topic is to provide an article collection that enhances scientific knowledge and provides insights into exercise-induced oxidative stress and the role of antioxidant supplementation in sport and exercise. The current issue comprises a selection of papers covering topics such as diet and nutritional supplements for managing exercise-induced damage and oxidative stress, as well as exercise training and interventions to combat fatigue. The contributions originate from several fields within Exercise Physiology and Sport and Exercise Nutrition, encompassing diverse perspectives. All the articles in this Research Topic are centered around one or more of the aforementioned research areas.

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