Background and Objectives : High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and plasma injection from young rats are novel approaches for improving bone metabolism in aging. This study aimed to investigate the effects of HIIT and plasma injection from young rats (both exercised and non-exercised) on the morphology of bone cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes) in aged male rats. Subjects and Methods : This experimental study included 35 aged male Wistar rats (22 months old) which were divided into five groups: 1) HIIT, 2) plasma injection from exercised young rats (PInt), 3) plasma injection from non-exercised young rats (PInC), 4) saline placebo injection (Sham), and 5) control (Cont). The HIIT protocol was conducted over 6 weeks, five sessions per week, consisting of 30-second intervals at 80-95% of maximal speed followed by 60 seconds of rest at 50-60% of maximal speed. Plasma collected from exercised and non-exercised young rats was injected intravenously. After the intervention, femoral bone cell morphology was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results HIIT significantly increased osteoblasts and decreased osteoclasts. A significant increase in osteoblasts was observed in the PInt group, while the PInC group showed a significant decrease in osteoclasts and an increase in osteocytes. No significant difference was found between the HIIT and PInt groups. However, the effect of HIIT on osteoblasts and osteoclasts was greater compared to the PInC group. Conclusion : HIIT and plasma injection from young rats (both exercised and non-exercised) improved bone cell morphology in aged rats. These findings suggest that both interventions may contribute to enhancing bone health.

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