The electrochemical water splitting process is one of the most effective methods for hydrogen production. However, its performance and efficiency depend strongly on the use of efficient electrocatalysts to minimize energy loss and material costs. This study introduces a unique hierarchical structure with a high specific surface area to reduce the overpotential of both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In the proposed structure, the Co-P@Ni-Cu nanostructure is synthesized through a two-step electrodeposition process under varying conditions. Under optimal deposition parameters, the Co-P@Ni-Cu electrode requires only 57 mV overpotential for HER and 299 mV for OER to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Additionally, stability tests under industrial-scale hydrogen production conditions demonstrate excellent performance in both HER and OER. The enhanced electrocatalytic activity of the Co-P@Ni-Cu electrode arises from its high surface area, unique porous architecture, and improved charge transfer efficiency. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for designing advanced heterostructure electrodes in electrocatalytic applications.

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