The historical port of Siraf located along the Persian Gulf coast is recognized as a significant Sasanian-era site based on archaeological evidence. Historical sources indicate that this port flourished throughout the Islamic period and continued to prosper until the late Buyid era. Geographically, Siraf occupies a narrow strip of land extending from the mountains to the seashore, which enhances its strategic significance. Numerous studies have concentrated on Siraf, particularly regarding its maritime trade with various regions. As the largest archaeological excavation site on the northern shores of the Persian Gulf, it has been the subject of extensive scholarly articles. However, research addressing the reasons for its specific location remains limited. Given the constrained space between the mountains and the sea at Siraf, alongside the availability of more expansive coastal areas nearby, a critical question arises: why was this port established in such a restricted environment? Moreover, what roles did natural and human geographical factors play in determining the port location? This study employed a descriptive-analytical method, incorporating library research, field observations, and interviews. The findings indicated that the natural characteristics of Siraf, such as its port position, surrounding highlands, water resources, and nearby stone and gypsum mines, along with human geographical elements like its hinterland cities and trade routes, were instrumental in the selection of this port site.

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