Over the last few decades, industrial growth, the rapid expansion of the world\\\'s population, and increasing energy demand have led to a significant rise in environmental pollution. Polyoxometalates, a remarkable class of metal-oxide complexes, have recently emerged as promising compounds in the development of multifunctional materials with applications not only in the removal of environmental pollutants but also as potential candidates for energy conversion and storage. This review critically examines the current research on the use of polyoxometalates for the removal of common toxic gases – such as H2S, NOx, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) – from polluted air, as well as the elimination of various organic dyes, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater. Additionally, it will be demonstrated how these remarkable compounds, due to their adaptable electrical and magnetic properties, can serve as effective sensors for detecting various environmental pollutants and can also be utilized in the design of new supercapacitors and batteries based on polyoxometalate materials.

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