Background: The convergence of biological crises, including the spread of zoonotic diseases, climate change, and land use changes, highlights the limitations of traditional methods in tackling complex health threats. In this context, the One Health framework has emerged as a transformative approach for understanding and managing health risks that are multifaceted. Within this paradigm, biological sciences such as parasitology have regained importance due to their direct role in the ecological and human aspects of disease cycles. Methods: This study employed a narrative review approach. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major scientific databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. Keywords such as One Health, Parasitology, hydatid cyst, and Echinococcus granulosus were used to identify relevant publications. Results: The review revealed that many zoonotic parasites, such as E.granulosus, have complex life cycles directly linked to interactions among humans, animals, and the environment. Diseases like hydatid cysts illustrate the need for a comprehensive approach to health management. The main challenges in applying One Health practically in Iran include a lack of intersectoral coordination, insufficient financial resources, inadequate interdisciplinary education, and low awareness among local communities. Conclusion: The One Health approach can only be effective when it moves beyond mere symbolic recommendations and develops into a strategic tool for restructuring institutional frameworks, reforming professional education, and promoting community-based partnerships. Parasitology, with its inherently interdisciplinary potential, can serve as a crucial starting point in this transition

Keywords