Motivated by diverse requirements of biomedical applications, a lot of research on developing shape memory polymer composites and blends has been conducted. By preparing these materials, the properties of shape memory polymers (SMPs) could be tailored to the requirements of biomedical applications. Besides, SMP composites and blends can exhibit novel properties and substantially broaden the applicability of SMPs in the biomedical fi eld. The research on SMP composites and blends has been focused on the improvement of properties of SMPs, addition of new functions besides shape memory effect, realization of athermal stimulus methods, and creation of novel SMPs. In this entry, a detailed review of these studies is provided.