A lot of research on biomedical applications of shape memory polymers (SMPs) has been conducted. Due to novel properties, SMPs can be an excellent choice for a number of medical applications. In this entry, the properties of SMPs that have led to its wide acceptance in biomedical applications are discussed. Then, a detailed review of biomedical applications of SMPs in various fi elds such as surgical, vascular, and urogenital applications, as well as orthopedics, orthodontics, application in the brain, and controlled drug release systems, is provided. The novel applications that have been proposed in recent years are also described.