Egyptian Henbane (Hyoscyamus muticus) is one of the most important medicinal plants of Solanaceae family. The tip meristem of diploid plants (2n = 2x=28) were treated with 0.2% colchicine solution for 24 h and Flow cytometry was used to determine the DNA ploidy level of different tissues of individual plants. Morphological characters such as size and thickness of leaf, flower, seed, epidermis and guard cells, as well as number of chloroplast in guard cells were considered as other parameters for identifying putative tetraploid plants determination. It is noticeable that results of Flow cytometry and morphological characters confirmed each other. Although tetraploidy were induced using this technique, however, mixoploid plants were also observed in Egyptian Henbane plants. The results from this study indicate that colchicine treatment can efficiently be used to improve Hyoscyamus muticus for commercial application of its vegetative organs in medicinal usage.

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