A wide range of studies for the assessment of genetic diversity in livestock breed were conducted using genetic distance. For high-accuracy and unbiased estimation sampling methods, criteria of choosing type of DNA markers, distance measurement strategies, cluster analysis will be important for any genetic diversity projects. Approach: Main objective of this short review is focusing on application statistical procedures and methods in analysis of genetic diversity data in animals. Results: There is no simple strategy to address for best and effectively genetic diversity results by the way regarding to some important factors can make reliable results for next analysis. Conclusion: There is still a distinct need for developing comprehensive and user-friendly statistical packages that facilitate an integrated analysis of different data sets for generating reliable information about genetic relationships, genome diversity, and favorable allele variation. Equally important and perhaps more challenging, is the concerted and planned utilization of genome information in animal breeding programs on the basis of knowledge accrued from studies on genetic diversity.

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