Q fever is an important zoonotic disease, caused by infection with Coxiella burnetii. The most commonly identified sources of human infection are farm animals such as cattle, goats, and sheep. Limited information is available concerning the seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in animal population in Iran. A serological survey was conducted to describe the seroepidemiology of Coxiella burnetii infection in Holstein dairy cattle in Khorasan Razavi province located in north eastern of Iran. 246 dairy cattle from 19 commercial dairy herds that were distributed in 9 counties were selected randomly. Blood samples were assayed for antibody to Coxiella burnetii using CHEKIT Q fever ELISA kit. Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii at animal and herd level was 22.3 (95% CI: 17.1-27.6) and 78.9 (95% CI: 60-97) percent respectively. Coxiella burnetii was distributed all over the province but the proportion of seropositive animals differed significantly in various regions (p< 0.05). Parity and herd size were not associated with seroprevalence. High prevalence of antibody against Coxiella burnetii in the cattle population in study area implies zoonotic importance. More investigation on the other reservoir and human (especially at risk population) is necessary to make epidemiologic feature of Coxiellosis clear.

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