Ovaries and oviducts of 12 non pregnant female camels and 5 non pregnant Holstein cows from the industrial slaughter house of Mashhad were examined. All samples were dissected free and flushed with normal saline and then samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, dehydrated, cleared and embedded in paraffin. Sections (6µm) were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H &E), Periodic Acid Shif (PAS), Alcian blue (Ab), Van gisson (Vg), Verhof (V) and Masson's trichorome (Mt).The ovary of camel is flattened, lobulated measuring 3.54± 0.98 cm in length (mean ± sem), 2.58± 0.57 cm in width and 7.66± 0.69 cm in thickness. Cortex of the she camel's ovary has many follicles in various stages of development, ranges between 40 ± 7.7 µm and 7.6 mm. Primordial follicle of camel was significantly (p<0.001) bigger (40.5± 7.33µm) than the primordial follicle of cow (34.7± 8.4µm). Histological structure of oviduct in camel was similar to cow. The secretion of epithelial cell of the oviduct in the camel was neutral mucopolysaccarids but in cow it was acidic mucopolysaccarids. Isthmus of camel was significantly thicker (850.2±252µm) than the isthmus of cow (717.2±352µm).

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