A filed experiment was conduct to assay the effect of nitrogen fertilization and row spacing on growth, development, oil content and herbage yield of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica) in semi-arid conditions of North East of Iran. The experiment was done at factorial based on randomized complete design with three replications in which factor included four levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100, 150 kg/ha) and three levels of row spacing (20, 30, 40 cm). The results showed that the effect of nitrogen fertilization and planting density had significant effect on plant height, number of primary shoot, fresh and dry weight of plant, oil content and herbage yield of dragonhead. The highest plant height, number of primary shoot, fresh and dry weight of per plant was obtained from 40 cm row spacing with 100kg/ha N treatment, while the highest herbage yield was observed in 30 cm row spacing with 100kg/ha N. The highest essential oil content and essential oil yield obtained from 40 cm with 100kg/ha N treatment. In conclusion application of 100 kg/ha N fertilizer with row spacing 40 cm can be recommended for the maximum of herbage and oil yield of dragonhead in this condition.

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