Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease with impairment in function of CNS, meanwhile macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) can cause inflammation and damage to the myelin of nerve cells by releasing 3T Reactive oxygen species3T (ROS) and other harmful substances when these cells get matured. We investigated the effect of Alternaria alternata (A. alternata) extract on phagocytic T cell stimulation activity of DC pulsed with Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) as a laboratory model of MS. Materials and Methods: Plastic adherent monocytes were cultured with granulocyte- macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-4 for converting these cells to MoDc (Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cell), pulsed with MBP, matured in the presence of monocyte-conditioned medium (MCM) in control group and MCM+Alternaria. alternata extract in treatment groups. Phagocytic activity of DC was evaluated and T cell responses were investigated by MTT test. Results: Phagocytic activity in treatment groups decreased significantly in compare with control group. Meanwhile, DC couldn’t stimulate T cell proliferation. Conclusion: A. alternata extract decreased phagocytic activity of MoDc-pulsed with MBP and had no effect on T cell proliferation may provide a new strategy on immunotraphy of multiple sclerosis.

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