Introduction and objective: Mental imagery- conscious experience by using all the sense- is to create or recreate an experience in mind .As sport psychologists have attended to different imagery techniques as a mental skill, the purpose of present research is the effect of mental imagery focus of attention and age on performance and learning of dart throwing skill. Methodology: Therefore 33 right handed male students of fourth and fifth level of primary school of Jahroom who got the best score of VMIQ-2 test were selected and divided randomly to three groups of attention of mental imagery, internal focus of attention of mental imagery, external focus of attention of mental imagery and control group. Firstly, throwing dart (dart throwing) was instructed to all participants equally and similarly, each participant of all groups did 5 throwing in 3 blocks to dart board in pretest. Then all participants of 3 groups (internal and external focus of attention) did their related imagery for 8 session and 5 minutes for each session. Post test was taken like pretest at the end of sixth session. Delayed retention test were taken after 48 hours of last session of last throwing. One way ANOVA and two ways ANOVA and LSD post hoc test were used for analyzing the data and excel software were used to draw graphs (Significant Level: P<0/05). Finding: The results showed that imagery of internal and external focus of attention improved the children performance. But it was not observed any significant difference between two experimental groups and control group in retention stage. Conclusion: As children performance were improved by mental imagery of internal and external focus of attention, therefore it is recommended to coaches and instructors that they use imagery focus of attention in cognitive skills training with stable environments such as dart for children.

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